• Home
    • Kingston, Norfolk Island
    • Underwater
    • Reef Fish
    • Sharks
    • Eels
    • Corals
    • Sea Anemones
    • Nudibranchs, Sea Slugs and Flatworms
    • Octopuses
    • Sea Urchins and Sea Cucumbers
    • Sea Stars
    • Turtles
    • Everything Else
    • Videos
    • Out On A Swim Index
  • Out on a swim - blog
  • About
  • Contact + Subscribe
Menu

Norfolk Island's Reef

Discover a fragile paradise – Norfolk Island's beaches, lagoons and coral reef
  • Home
  • Explore
    • Kingston, Norfolk Island
    • Underwater
    • Reef Fish
    • Sharks
    • Eels
    • Corals
    • Sea Anemones
    • Nudibranchs, Sea Slugs and Flatworms
    • Octopuses
    • Sea Urchins and Sea Cucumbers
    • Sea Stars
    • Turtles
    • Everything Else
    • Videos
    • Out On A Swim Index
  • Out on a swim - blog
  • About
  • Contact + Subscribe

Out on A Swim

‘Out on a swim’ is a coral reef blog that tells the stories of the characters who live under the waves and what has caught my eye when ‘out on a swim’ in the lagoons of Norfolk Island. It is also a record of the difficulties Norfolk Island’s reef faces, like many others around the world, as a result of the poor water quality that has been allowed to flow onto it.

This blog is rated in the Top 20 Coral Reef Blogs in the world.

Healthy corals, Emily Bay, Norfolk Island

Bounty Day brings some biting winds!

June 8, 2021

Today, 8 June, is Bounty Day here on Norfolk Island. It’s a day of celebration for Norfolk Islanders of Pitcairn descent – the day when, in 1856, their forbears first arrived on the island. We were honoured to be invited to join local friends for the Bounty Day picnic lunch in the compound. This is such a great celebration of what it means to be part of the community. It was definitely worth braving the biting chill winds, which felt they had hailed directly from the Antarctic, to share such a special day.

At the beginning of last week, I was finally able to use my camera again to record the damage from the massive swells we have had rolling in, courtesy of this year’s La Niña. The visibility had been about as far as my hand in front of my face for some time, but as it cleared over a period of a couple of days I was able to see the havoc wrought by the waves. I have included a slideshow of some of the recent damage (below). This was on top of quite a bit of damage back in January. It hasn’t been a good year for the poor coral.

Many will say that this is part of the natural order of things for the reef, and, of course, they are quite correct. But sadly, some parts of the reef here are covered in algal growth or are damaged by disease – all caused by the high nutrient levels as a result of the polluted water draining and permeating into the bay areas over many years. This additional, albeit natural, stress on top of the other issues facing the reef is so sad to see. Large coral colonies, some 20 or 30 years old and older, have been destroyed in the space of a few days.

Image credit: Instagram @narwi_sketch

Image credit: Instagram @narwi_sketch

On the 4 June I was lucky enough to spot a salmon-pink Platydoris cinereobranchiata, a type of sea slug, at the Lone Pine side of Emily Bay.

That same day, I also saw three doubleheaders communing together, off the Salt House, quietly grazing away. One was a very large male, terminal phase, while the other two were both primary phase. The surge wrasse, Thalassoma purpureum, were out and about in goodly numbers, and a small flotilla of Bluespotted cornetfish – Fistularia commersonii.

The aatuti (banded scalyfin or Parma polylepis) have been getting assertively territorial, guarding their little patches of algae against all-comers, possibly, I think, because they have been mating.

I was also lucky enough to see two spotted porcupinefish, Diodon hystrix, caught in flagrante delicto (sorry, no photos of this).

And so the circle of life continues.

View fullsize Platydoris cinereobranchiata
Platydoris cinereobranchiata
View fullsize Three doubleheaders - Coris bulbifrons
Three doubleheaders - Coris bulbifrons
View fullsize Banded scalyfin - Parma polylepis
Banded scalyfin - Parma polylepis
View fullsize Four bluespotted cornetfish - Fistularia commersonii.
Four bluespotted cornetfish - Fistularia commersonii.
3 June 2021 (16)_reduced_1000.jpg
5 June 2021 (30)_reduced_1000.jpg
3 June 2021 (6)_reduced_1000.jpg
3 June 2021 (7)_reduced_1000.jpg
3 June 2021 (5)_reduced_1000.jpg
3 June 2021 (10)_reduced_1000.jpg
3 June 2021 (12)_reduced_1000.jpg
3 June 2021 (14)_reduced_1000.jpg
3 June 2021 (17)_reduced_1000.jpg
3 June 2021 (23)_reduced_1000.jpg
3 June 2021 (35)_reduced_1000.jpg
3 June 2021 (36)_reduced_1000.jpg
4 June 2021 (82)_reduced_1000.jpg
5 June 2021 (31)_reduced_1000.jpg
5 June 2021 (76)_reduced_1000.jpg
5 June 2021 (77)_reduced_1000.jpg
5 June 2021 (80)_reduced_1000.jpg
5 June 2021 (82)_reduced_1000.jpg
5 June 2021 (135)_reduced_1000.jpg
3 June 2021 (16)_reduced_1000.jpg 5 June 2021 (30)_reduced_1000.jpg 3 June 2021 (6)_reduced_1000.jpg 3 June 2021 (7)_reduced_1000.jpg 3 June 2021 (5)_reduced_1000.jpg 3 June 2021 (10)_reduced_1000.jpg 3 June 2021 (12)_reduced_1000.jpg 3 June 2021 (14)_reduced_1000.jpg 3 June 2021 (17)_reduced_1000.jpg 3 June 2021 (23)_reduced_1000.jpg 3 June 2021 (35)_reduced_1000.jpg 3 June 2021 (36)_reduced_1000.jpg 4 June 2021 (82)_reduced_1000.jpg 5 June 2021 (31)_reduced_1000.jpg 5 June 2021 (76)_reduced_1000.jpg 5 June 2021 (77)_reduced_1000.jpg 5 June 2021 (80)_reduced_1000.jpg 5 June 2021 (82)_reduced_1000.jpg 5 June 2021 (135)_reduced_1000.jpg

Above: Some of the destruction meted out on the reef at the end of May and beginning of June.

← The smiling notch-head marblefish Enormous surf, squally winds and poor viz! →
Featured
Glimpses of recovery: what the reef could be if we let it
Jun 13, 2025
Glimpses of recovery: what the reef could be if we let it
Jun 13, 2025

Day 6 of this photo series from Norfolk Island coincides with the final day of the UN Ocean Conference in Nice. After a week of documenting decline, today’s post offers a different view – what reef recovery can look like when conditions improve. Drought in 2024 gave the reef a break, and the results were unmistakable: healthier corals, lower disease, and more fish. This is what’s possible if we act.

Jun 13, 2025
Warning signs: quiet and unnoticed collapse of two coral colonies
Jun 12, 2025
Warning signs: quiet and unnoticed collapse of two coral colonies
Jun 12, 2025

Day 5 of my blog series for the UN Ocean Conference: two long-lived coral colonies in Norfolk’s lagoon died quietly from disease. No drama – just slow collapse and overgrowth by algae. A reminder that not all reef losses are loud, but they are happening.

Jun 12, 2025
Warning signs:  what Norfolk Island’s reef is telling us
Jun 11, 2025
Warning signs: what Norfolk Island’s reef is telling us
Jun 11, 2025

Day 4 of a week-long photo series from Norfolk Island, shared during the UN Ocean Conference in Nice. Today’s post spotlights a Hydnophora pilosa colony where white syndrome appeared suddenly and spread quickly, taking out around a quarter of the coral. In the months that followed, algae quietly filled the gap – a subtle but telling shift from coral to algae that’s happening across the reef.

Jun 11, 2025
Warning signs: coral disease takes hold
Jun 10, 2025
Warning signs: coral disease takes hold
Jun 10, 2025

In Day 3 of this blog post series, published while leaders gather at the UN Ocean Conference in Nice, we see Norfolk Island’s coral reef lagoon quietly delivering a stark warning: recurrent land-based pollution, coral disease, and delayed decisions are dismantling this ecosystem in real time.

Jun 10, 2025
Warning signs: coral growth anomalies – the slow cancers of the reef
Jun 9, 2025
Warning signs: coral growth anomalies – the slow cancers of the reef
Jun 9, 2025

Day 2’s post coinciding with the UN Ocean Conference looks at coral growth anomalies – sometimes called coral ‘cancers’. These slow-moving diseases quietly weaken coral colonies, making them far more vulnerable to storm damage and algal takeover. On Norfolk Island’s reef, I’ve watched this exact process play out over several years. This is how chronic stress silently dismantles coral ecosystems.

Jun 9, 2025
Warning signs: shifting baselines on Norfolk Island’s reef
Jun 8, 2025
Warning signs: shifting baselines on Norfolk Island’s reef
Jun 8, 2025

Today is World Ocean Day — a timely moment to launch my week-long blog series on Norfolk Island’s reef. Each day this week, I’ll be sharing photo essays that document the slow but steady pressures reshaping this fragile reef. Today: how shifting baselines make us blind to what we’ve already lost.

Jun 8, 2025
The Governance–Government Vacuum: Norfolk Island’s Forgotten Ecology
Apr 29, 2025
The Governance–Government Vacuum: Norfolk Island’s Forgotten Ecology
Apr 29, 2025

A personal reflection on Norfolk Island’s coral reef environment, political denial, and what John Wyndham’s The Kraken Wakes can still teach us about slow-moving disasters — and why this election matters more than ever.

Apr 29, 2025
Cute as buttons – Astrea curta
Feb 20, 2025
Cute as buttons – Astrea curta
Feb 20, 2025

Astrea curta corals are ‘small, moderately plocoid [flattened], distinct, and almost circular’ . Normally grey-green in colour, you can see from the images here, ours are often beautiful rich gold, although they do vary. They have a neat growth habit and button-like corallites, which can grow in columns, spherically or flattened. Large colonies of these can form gorgeous undulating bumps.

Feb 20, 2025
From 'Watch' to 'Warning'
Jan 26, 2025
From 'Watch' to 'Warning'
Jan 26, 2025

Last week, the chance of coral bleaching in Norfolk Island’s inshore lagoons was raised from ‘Watch’ to ‘Warning’ and will more than likely rise to Alert levels one and two in coming weeks. So why do I worry about water quality all the time when bleaching seems inevitable these days and so the reef is probably doomed anyway? Read on to find out.

Jan 26, 2025
From little things – watching them grow
Jan 4, 2025
From little things – watching them grow
Jan 4, 2025

Small numbers of different fish species is not an unusual phenomenon on Norfolk Island’s reef, but it does demonstrate what a tiny, precious, coral reef ecosystem we have, when we can count individuals on one hand and watch each of them grow, like these little blackeye thicklips, a member of the wrasse family.

Jan 4, 2025

Latest Posts

© 2025 All rights reserved.