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Norfolk Island's Reef

Discover a fragile paradise – Norfolk Island's beaches, lagoons and coral reef
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Out on A Swim

‘Out on a swim’ is a coral reef blog that tells the stories of the characters who live under the waves and what has caught my eye when ‘out on a swim’ in the lagoons of Norfolk Island. It is also a record of the difficulties Norfolk Island’s reef faces, like many others around the world, as a result of the poor water quality that has been allowed to flow onto it.

This page shows the most recent blog posts. For the complete catalogue, visit the ‘Out on a swim index’ page.

This blog is rated in the Top 20 Coral Reef Blogs in the world.

Susan's flatworm, Pseudoceros susanae, Norfolk Island

Susan's flatworm and the wisdom of sharing knowledge

January 22, 2024

[This post follows my mournful one from yesterday when I describe the hacking of my Facebook account by some evil random who wants a free lunch at another’s expense.]

I went #outonaswim yesterday afternoon, as I so often do. Camera at the ready, watching, observing recording. As I pottered around, something caught my eye. A piece of plastic? It was that same vivid blue of a milk bottle top, but the wrong shape and with a broader orange and narrower white stripe. Blue and orange – direct opposites on the colour wheel; it would make a striking livery for a football team or national flag!

I returned home, downloaded the images and found out its identity. I was overjoyed to discover that this critter is a Susan’s flatworm (Pseudoceros susanae). My namesake! What are the chances? Surely, with all the hassles I’d been having with identity theft and fraud on my Facebook page, this was a positive sign.

Anyway, it transpires that Ms Susan Flatworm was previously only seen in the Indian Ocean and Indonesian waters until it was first recorded on Norfolk Island in early 2021 by John Turnbull. John was on-island with the Reef Life Survey volunteers. Yesterday is the first time I’ve seen it, in five years of trawling back and forth along the length of the reef! It just goes to show how much we don’t yet know about our tiny reef as new things get discovered all the time.

It got me thinking. In the normal way of things I would be so excited by my find that I’d want – no, have – to share it immediately with the world. But I can’t. Remember – some dude has compromised my Facebook and Instagram pages, for that read taken control of them, while I am left helpless and out of the communication loop. A tricky thing for someone who breathes all things comms, all day!

Susan's flatworm, Pseudoceros susanae, Norfolk Island

I don’t want to start a new Facebook page just yet and create a world of confusion, so I’ve dutifully reported the hack and I wait. The conversation is rather one-sided, though. The silence from Facebook is deafening. Samuel Beckett’s play Waiting for Godot comes to mind. Of course, we all know Godot never comes!

I realised then that sharing knowledge is a fundamental aspect of human interaction that enriches both the giver and the receiver. Sharing and documenting knowledge ensures that valuable information and experiences are not lost but are instead preserved for future generations.

Knowledge, in and of itself, is of no worth if not shared. For me, it is like watching the idea-ripples caused by a small pebble-fact thrown into a pond. If people know and love something, they will want to save it. If they understand something, they can formulate an idea of how to save it.

Before I could share some of my knowledge (which still isn’t a whole lot, just lots of observations) I had to realise that I know nothing whatsoever about the marine environment. I started with a zero sum. As Socrates said, ‘True wisdom comes to each of us when we realise how little we understand about life, ourselves, and the world around us’.

Which is why I ask the questions, and share the answers. Hopefully some of them are right. Hopefully someone takes an interest.

I share, because it is in my DNA.

Maybe I will start a new Facebook page. I’m not sure when, but it will come.

Tags Knowledge, sharing, marine enviroment, philosophy, Facebook, hacker, hacked, flatworms
← Combine bacteria, fungi, and maybe a sponge = one toxic messFacebook fiasco – and the fishes →
Featured
Celebrating Biodiversity Month on Norfolk Island
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Celebrating Biodiversity Month on Norfolk Island
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Read more about why biodiversity matters, globally and right here in our lagoon.

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The fate of a coral colony when it succumbs to white syndrome – four years on
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I’ve tracked one plating Acropora coral from 2021 to 2025. In just a few weeks, white syndrome wiped it out. Nearly four years years on, it’s still smothered in algae and sea squirts, with only the tiniest hint of new growth. It’s a stark reminder: without tackling the root cause, we’re just watching the same sad story repeat itself.

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The Candy-Striped Cleaner Keeping the Reef Healthy
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Candy-cane stripes, long white feelers, and a reef spa on offer – the banded coral shrimp waves its antennae to advertise cleaning services to passing fish.

Aug 17, 2025
Biomimicry: How a Boxfish Caught Mercedes Benz’s Eye
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Biomimicry: How a Boxfish Caught Mercedes Benz’s Eye
Aug 10, 2025

Meet Mr Lemonhead – our lagoon’s teeny yellow boxfish with a big design legacy. He inspired a Mercedes Benz concept car, proving how nature is full of surprises. And he shares the lagoon with other critters whose tricks have also shaped real-world inventions.

Aug 10, 2025
Patchwork Corals: How Colonies Fuse to Form Living Mosaics
Aug 3, 2025
Patchwork Corals: How Colonies Fuse to Form Living Mosaics
Aug 3, 2025

Some corals wear more than one colour for a reason. When Paragoniastrea australensis colonies fuse early in life, they form living mosaics. A beautiful reminder of coral cooperation on Norfolk Island’s reef.

Aug 3, 2025
Reef relief
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Reef relief
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Today, 28 July, is World Nature Conservation Day. After the dry 2024, Norfolk Island’s reef is looking healthier – a brief reprieve as less water - laden with nutrients - flowed into the lagoon. These photos show what’s possible. It’s a reminder that recovery is within reach – though renewed runoff could quickly undo the gains.

Jul 28, 2025
Emily Bay's big 'brain' coral
Jul 20, 2025
Emily Bay's big 'brain' coral
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In Emily Bay, Norfolk Island, a single coral bommie – Paragoniastrea australensis – has stood for decades as a micro-reef, harbouring diverse marine life and local memories. Once photographed in 1988 and still thriving today, it remains a keystone of reef biodiversity and a living link between past and present.

Jul 20, 2025
Biodiversity matters
Jul 14, 2025
Biodiversity matters
Jul 14, 2025

Over five and a half years of snorkelling Norfolk’s lagoon, we’ve documented 23 fish species not previously recorded in this area. Some are local ghosts, others climate migrants. These observations help us understand and protect what makes our reef so special.

Jul 14, 2025
Poop power
Jun 17, 2025
Poop power
Jun 17, 2025

Not all poop on a reef is bad poop. In fact some kinds of poop can be a reef’s most important invisible engine. Fish poop, bird poop – even poop that gets eaten again by other fish – all of it keeps the ecosystem ticking over in a way that’s nothing short of extraordinary.

Jun 17, 2025
Glimpses of recovery: what the reef could be if we let it
Jun 13, 2025
Glimpses of recovery: what the reef could be if we let it
Jun 13, 2025

Day 6 of this photo series from Norfolk Island coincides with the final day of the UN Ocean Conference in Nice. After a week of documenting decline, today’s post offers a different view – what reef recovery can look like when conditions improve. Drought in 2024 gave the reef a break, and the results were unmistakable: healthier corals, lower disease, and more fish. This is what’s possible if we act.

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