• Home
    • Algae
    • Corals
    • Eels
    • Everything Else
    • Kingston, Norfolk Island
    • Nudibranchs, Sea Slugs and Flatworms
    • Octopuses
    • Out On A Swim Index
    • Reef Fish
    • Sharks
    • Sea Anemones
    • Sea Stars
    • Sea Urchins and Sea Cucumbers
    • Turtles
    • Underwater
    • Videos
  • Out on a swim - blog
  • About
  • Contact + Subscribe
Menu

Norfolk Island's Reef

Discover a fragile paradise – Norfolk Island's beaches, lagoons and coral reef
  • Home
  • Explore
    • Algae
    • Corals
    • Eels
    • Everything Else
    • Kingston, Norfolk Island
    • Nudibranchs, Sea Slugs and Flatworms
    • Octopuses
    • Out On A Swim Index
    • Reef Fish
    • Sharks
    • Sea Anemones
    • Sea Stars
    • Sea Urchins and Sea Cucumbers
    • Turtles
    • Underwater
    • Videos
  • Out on a swim - blog
  • About
  • Contact + Subscribe

Out on A Swim

‘Out on a swim’ is a coral reef blog that tells the stories of the characters who live under the waves and what has caught my eye when ‘out on a swim’ in the lagoons of Norfolk Island. It is also a record of the difficulties Norfolk Island’s reef faces, like many others around the world, as a result of the poor water quality that has been allowed to flow onto it.

This page shows the most recent blog posts. For the complete catalogue, visit the ‘Out on a swim index’ page.

This blog is rated in the Top 20 Coral Reef Blogs in the world.

No results found

Glimpses of recovery: what the reef could be if we let it

June 13, 2025

Day 6 of this photo series from Norfolk Island coincides with the final day of the UN Ocean Conference in Nice. After a week of documenting decline, today’s post offers a different view – what reef recovery can look like when conditions improve. Drought in 2024 gave the reef a break, and the results were unmistakable: healthier corals, lower disease, and more fish. This is what’s possible if we act.

Read More
In Environmental degradation Tags UNOceanConference, UNOC2025, Coral disease, corals, coral reef, coral health, Water quality
Comment

I wrote about this massive coral in a blog post ‘The Ancient Massives’, 20 March 2022

Warning signs: quiet and unnoticed collapse of two coral colonies

June 12, 2025

Day 5 of my blog series for the UN Ocean Conference: two long-lived coral colonies in Norfolk’s lagoon died quietly from disease. No drama – just slow collapse and overgrowth by algae. A reminder that not all reef losses are loud, but they are happening.

Read More
In Environmental degradation Tags UNOceanConference, UNOC2025, Coral disease, corals, coral health, water quality
Comment

Hynophora pilosa colony, Norfolk Island

Warning signs: what Norfolk Island’s reef is telling us

June 11, 2025

Day 4 of a week-long photo series from Norfolk Island, shared during the UN Ocean Conference in Nice. Today’s post spotlights a Hydnophora pilosa colony where white syndrome appeared suddenly and spread quickly, taking out around a quarter of the coral. In the months that followed, algae quietly filled the gap – a subtle but telling shift from coral to algae that’s happening across the reef.

Read More
In Environmental degradation Tags corals, coral reef, Norfolk Island, White syndrome, coral disease, UNOceanConference, UNOC2025, Water quality
Comment

Lone Pine, Emily Bay, Norfolk Island

Warning signs: coral disease takes hold

June 10, 2025

In Day 3 of this blog post series, published while leaders gather at the UN Ocean Conference in Nice, we see Norfolk Island’s coral reef lagoon quietly delivering a stark warning: recurrent land-based pollution, coral disease, and delayed decisions are dismantling this ecosystem in real time.

Read More
In Environmental degradation Tags UNOC2025, UNOceanConference, Coral disease, Reef health, coral reef, water quality, marine conservation, ocean action, Environmental protection, ocean science
Comment

An Acropora coral colony, Emily Bay, Norfolk Island, showing early signs of growth anomalies

Warning signs: coral growth anomalies – the slow cancers of the reef

June 9, 2025

Day 2’s post coinciding with the UN Ocean Conference looks at coral growth anomalies – sometimes called coral ‘cancers’. These slow-moving diseases quietly weaken coral colonies, making them far more vulnerable to storm damage and algal takeover. On Norfolk Island’s reef, I’ve watched this exact process play out over several years. This is how chronic stress silently dismantles coral ecosystems.

Read More
In Environmental degradation Tags UNOceanConference, Coral disease, coral reef, water quality, coral cancer
Comment

Healthy montipora coral, Norfolk Island

Warning signs: shifting baselines on Norfolk Island’s reef

June 8, 2025

Today is World Ocean Day — a timely moment to launch my week-long blog series on Norfolk Island’s reef. Each day this week, I’ll be sharing photo essays that document the slow but steady pressures reshaping this fragile reef. Today: how shifting baselines make us blind to what we’ve already lost.

Read More
In Environmental degradation Tags White syndrome, algae, coral reef, coral disease, Coral, phase shift, shifting baseline syndrome, UNOceanConference, Marine Conservation, Reef Health
Comment
Featured
Norfolk’s water quality – when action is reported as outcome
June 15, 2026
Norfolk’s water quality – when action is reported as outcome
June 15, 2026

A recent Australian Government media release presents investment, monitoring and catchment works as progress on Norfolk Island’s water quality. Some of that work is useful, and some of it was badly needed. But activity is not the same as proven improvement. This post looks at Kingston sewerage, wetlands, cattle, acid sulfate soils, groundwater and reef health, and asks whether Emily Bay and Slaughter Bay are actually being better protected.

June 15, 2026
How surgeonfishes got their name
June 14, 2026
How surgeonfishes got their name
June 14, 2026

Surgeonfish are named for the sharp little scalpels near their tails, but on Norfolk’s reef their more useful work happens at the other end. Pencil surgeonfish, bluespine unicornfish and their relatives help browse algae across the reef – a small daily job that becomes very valuable on an algae-rich lagoon reef like ours.

June 14, 2026
A shrimp storm
May 28, 2026
A shrimp storm
May 28, 2026

While setting my research cams last week, I swam into what looked like an underwater snowstorm. It appeared to be the aftermath of a mass moulting event, with large numbers of tiny, translucent shrimp-like exoskeletons drifting together near the surface.

May 28, 2026
Kingston dredging: what happens when a reef does not fit the framework
May 28, 2026
Kingston dredging: what happens when a reef does not fit the framework
May 28, 2026

This correspondence with DCCEEW is about more than one dredging proposal. It is about what happens when an ecologically distinctive place is assessed through standard tools that do not always make its most important values easy to see. I am publishing it here because that is something we need to be aware of, both on Norfolk Island and more broadly in Australia.

May 28, 2026
Kingston dredging: the project advances, the questions remain
May 24, 2026
Kingston dredging: the project advances, the questions remain
May 24, 2026

Kingston dredging is edging closer, and the paper trail is growing. This post brings together earlier correspondence with the Department and the latest media release so readers can see what has been asked, what has been answered, and what still remains unclear about the project, its rationale, and the protections proposed for the reef.

May 24, 2026
The lime-green coral in Slaughter Bay – a 40-year paper trail
May 17, 2026
The lime-green coral in Slaughter Bay – a 40-year paper trail
May 17, 2026

Green Mountain – the name I give this coral in my database – is a coral I’ve photographed for years as I swim past. Then I found its backstory in the Norfolk Island National Parks archives: a rough map, reused paper, a note in the margin – ‘still thriving’. That’s how baselines begin.

May 17, 2026
What Norfolk Island’s reef tells us about environmental blind spots
April 5, 2026
What Norfolk Island’s reef tells us about environmental blind spots
April 5, 2026

The Kingston dredging proposal on Norfolk Island raises a bigger question than dredging alone: how well do standard environmental assessment tools capture the real significance of a remote and unusual reef system like Norfolk Island’s?

April 5, 2026
Hammer coral time!
March 30, 2026
Hammer coral time!
March 30, 2026

Hammer corals have unique tentacles that are large, fleshy, and tubular; these terminate in a ‘T’-shaped, hammer-head or anchor. Beneath all these softly waving tentacles is an extraordinary skeleton structure, which helps define them as a large polyp stony coral.

March 30, 2026
Norfolk Island’s fishes: drifters, residents and the ones still missing
March 24, 2026
Norfolk Island’s fishes: drifters, residents and the ones still missing
March 24, 2026

Norfolk Island’s fish fauna reflects both connection and isolation. Some species may arrive from elsewhere as drifting larvae, some populations appear to persist locally, and some fishes known from islands on either side of Norfolk have still not been recorded here. This post looks at what old survey work, regional checklists and genetic studies suggest about that more complicated picture.

March 24, 2026
18 Jun 2025 (20)_crop.jpg
March 7, 2026
Alveopora or flowerpot coral – how to tell the difference
March 7, 2026

They look alike at first glance, but Alveopora and flowerpot corals are not the same. The easiest way to tell them apart is to count the tentacles.

March 7, 2026

Latest Posts

© 2026 All rights reserved.