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Norfolk Island's Reef

Discover a fragile paradise – Norfolk Island's beaches, lagoons and coral reef
  • Home
  • Explore
    • Kingston, Norfolk Island
    • Underwater
    • Reef Fish
    • Sharks
    • Eels
    • Corals
    • Sea Anemones
    • Nudibranchs, Sea Slugs and Flatworms
    • Octopuses
    • Sea Urchins and Sea Cucumbers
    • Sea Stars
    • Turtles
    • Everything Else
    • Videos
    • Out On A Swim Index
  • Out on a swim - blog
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Out on A Swim

‘Out on a swim’ is a coral reef blog that tells the stories of the characters who live under the waves and what has caught my eye when ‘out on a swim’ in the lagoons of Norfolk Island. It is also a record of the difficulties Norfolk Island’s reef faces, like many others around the world, as a result of the poor water quality that has been allowed to flow onto it.

This blog is rated in the Top 20 Coral Reef Blogs in the world.

Be like Senator David Pocock - wear a rashie

Sunbeams and sunscreens

December 19, 2022

Did you know that sunscreen is highly toxic?

From 1 January 2021, Hawaii banned all sunscreens containing the reef-harming chemicals oxybenzone and octinoxate, and with good reason. This radical action was taken because unsafe sunscreens can, and have, caused ecological ruination to coral reefs.

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In Ecosystem Tags corals, coral reef, coral reproduction, fish, Fish reproduction, Sunscreens, reef-safe sunscreen, Norfolk Island
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Corals found in the lagoons of Norfolk Island

First records of coral spawning on Norfolk Island

July 17, 2022

There were three confirmed coral spawning events on Norfolk Island’s coral reef during the 2021–2022 season. The evidence for these has now been published in Galaxea, Journal of Coral Reef Studies. Written by Professor Andrew Baird, chief investigator at the ARC Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies, I am very kindly cited as a co-author because of my observations of these events. Read here to find out more.

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Tags coral spawning, corals, coral reef, coral reproduction, Norfolk Island, spawning
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The Great Big Coral Spawn Myth

January 18, 2022

The mass spawning coral myth, debunked: coral mass spawning has captured the imagination of the public, while some of the coverage in the media has cemented a number of myths surrounding the event. The most pervasive being that mass spawning only occurs on one night each year. Not true! Read more here.

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In Corals Tags Coral, coral spawning, coral reproduction, Norfolk Island, spawning, coral reef
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Pink coral spawn floating on the surface of Emily Bay, Norfolk Island, 28 December 2021

Coral spawning, Norfolk Island 2021

December 29, 2021

Out on a swim on the morning of 27 December 2021, the mood was palpably different. Call me fanciful, but I immediately noticed a frisson of excitement among the fish. Lots of activity and agitation. And all kinds of slightly unusual observations. The annual coral spawning here on Norfolk Island had begun.

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Tags coral spawning, coral reef, coral reproduction, Norfolk Island, corals
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Featured
The Governance–Government Vacuum: Norfolk Island’s Forgotten Ecology
Apr 29, 2025
The Governance–Government Vacuum: Norfolk Island’s Forgotten Ecology
Apr 29, 2025

A personal reflection on Norfolk Island’s coral reef environment, political denial, and what John Wyndham’s The Kraken Wakes can still teach us about slow-moving disasters — and why this election matters more than ever.

Apr 29, 2025
Cute as buttons – Astrea curta
Feb 20, 2025
Cute as buttons – Astrea curta
Feb 20, 2025

Astrea curta corals are ‘small, moderately plocoid [flattened], distinct, and almost circular’ . Normally grey-green in colour, you can see from the images here, ours are often beautiful rich gold, although they do vary. They have a neat growth habit and button-like corallites, which can grow in columns, spherically or flattened. Large colonies of these can form gorgeous undulating bumps.

Feb 20, 2025
From 'Watch' to 'Warning'
Jan 26, 2025
From 'Watch' to 'Warning'
Jan 26, 2025

Last week, the chance of coral bleaching in Norfolk Island’s inshore lagoons was raised from ‘Watch’ to ‘Warning’ and will more than likely rise to Alert levels one and two in coming weeks. So why do I worry about water quality all the time when bleaching seems inevitable these days and so the reef is probably doomed anyway? Read on to find out.

Jan 26, 2025
From little things – watching them grow
Jan 4, 2025
From little things – watching them grow
Jan 4, 2025

Small numbers of different fish species is not an unusual phenomenon on Norfolk Island’s reef, but it does demonstrate what a tiny, precious, coral reef ecosystem we have, when we can count individuals on one hand and watch each of them grow, like these little blackeye thicklips, a member of the wrasse family.

Jan 4, 2025
A year in review – 2024 on Norfolk Island’s Reef
Dec 27, 2024
A year in review – 2024 on Norfolk Island’s Reef
Dec 27, 2024

It is five years since I began wielding a camera underwater in Norfolk Island’s lagoons and my third ‘year in review’ for this ‘Out on a swim’ blog. And what a journey it has been. At least this year I have some great news to report, but – a bit like a curate’s egg (partly bad and partly good) – there are also some downers. Find out what 2024 has meant for Norfolk Island’s reef.

Dec 27, 2024
A smooth and slippery echidna
Dec 10, 2024
A smooth and slippery echidna
Dec 10, 2024

How did the snowflake moray get its proper (scientific) name Echidna nebulosa, and what does it have to do with Australia’s famous and iconic marsupial, the echidna? Read on to find out more …

Dec 10, 2024
Feisty zingers! Focus on the 'brain' coral, Paragoniastrea spp.
Dec 1, 2024
Feisty zingers! Focus on the 'brain' coral, Paragoniastrea spp.
Dec 1, 2024

If corals had characters, then the Paragoniastrea spp. would be described as feisty, or even downright aggressive when it comes to asserting itself over its neighbours. They are also rather colourful.

Dec 1, 2024
Then and now – shifting baseline syndrome laid bare
Nov 20, 2024
Then and now – shifting baseline syndrome laid bare
Nov 20, 2024

If disease were spreading through our native forests, if our trees were developing strange growths that hollowed them out, making them brittle in the face of each passing storm, would five years have slid by with the problem worsening by the day? That is exactly what is happening on Norfolk Island’s reef. Slowly, insidiously, it is dying and turning to slime.

Nov 20, 2024
Gorgeous, boring and brown!
Oct 20, 2024
Gorgeous, boring and brown!
Oct 20, 2024

Gorgeous, boring brown, Montipora corals! These beautiful coral colonies (and remember, these consist of loads of tiny little animals, which work together to create these amazing shapes) are one of our key reef-building corals. There are around 85 known species belonging to the Montipora genus.

Oct 20, 2024
Taking stock. Which way from here?
Oct 14, 2024
Taking stock. Which way from here?
Oct 14, 2024

CSIRO are on Norfolk Island this week to present the findings of their report into water quality. As our Administrator, George Plant, says: ‘What the data shows us is that the quality of ground and surface water entering Emily and Slaughter Bays often contains high levels of contamination ... The health of the Emily and Slaughter Bay reef will continue to decline if we do not improve water quality.’

Oct 14, 2024

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