‘Out on a swim’ is a coral reef blog that tells the stories of the characters who live under the waves and what has caught my eye when ‘out on a swim’ in the lagoons of Norfolk Island. It is also a record of the difficulties Norfolk Island’s reef faces, like many others around the world, as a result of the poor water quality that has been allowed to flow onto it.
This page shows the most recent blog posts. For the complete catalogue, visit the ‘Out on a swim index’ page.
This blog is rated in the Top 20 Coral Reef Blogs in the world.
Hornpike long tom - Strongylura leiurus
It only takes your observation of one little fish out of its previously understood ‘comfort zone’ to add to a body of evidence that may prove, or disprove, scientific theories, which may then in turn be used to inform government policy on climate change, preserving the environment, and much more. That is citizen science at work. And it can be powerful and fulfilling.
Read MoreLone Pine photographed from Emily Bay, showing the freshwater layer caused by innundation from the creek.
It’s always a good time to take stock of the year that was, so I’ve been thinking about what 2022 held for Norfolk Island’s reef. La Niña superimposed on La Niña has meant copious rainfall and a lagoon under stress: more algae, more coral disease, fewer fish. Here’s a quick run down of what has been happening on our reef during 2022.
Read MoreBe like Senator David Pocock - wear a rashie
Did you know that sunscreen is highly toxic?
From 1 January 2021, Hawaii banned all sunscreens containing the reef-harming chemicals oxybenzone and octinoxate, and with good reason. This radical action was taken because unsafe sunscreens can, and have, caused ecological ruination to coral reefs.
Read MoreBlack-mouthed tun snail, Tonna melanostoma
The black-mouthed tun shell’s egg mass is photographed almost daily over a period of six weeks, from the morning they are laid until becoming dislodged from their rock after a period of big swells and storm surges.
Read MoreIt’s been widely reported since the 1960s, at least, that nutrient-laden water flowing out the channel into Emily Bay is having a detrimental effect on Norfolk Island’s reef – a reef where it is thought that as much as 30 per cent of the corals are as yet undescribed. Are we going to do something about it before the reef has gone? Because, quite seriously, we have no time left to lose.
Read MoreDoris in her rehab tank
The following update on Norfolk Island’s rescue turtle, Doris, was released by Australian Marine Parks on 7 November 2022. For more information on Doris follow the hashtag #operationdoris.
Read MoreAt this time of year, as the mating season begins, the delightful little Lady Musgrave blennies, Cirripectes chelomatus, change colour from dark inky blue black with a few barely visible red spots to a showy and vibrant mustard yellow.
Read MoreA flatworm, Pseudobiceros sp, dining on the tunicates
Emily Bay and Slaughter Bay have recently experienced a significant increase in the numbers of overgrowing tunicates. In this post I take a look at these critters – which, incredibly, are distant cousins to humans – and ask some questions about their presence and impact on our coral reef ecosystem.
Read MoreDoris, a young green sea turtle, in a bad way
One of our Norfolk Island turtles was covered in an unsightly algal growth. Not just her shell but over her eyes and her flippers too. I could see she needed help, but we had no facilities to nurse a sick turtle; however, with a strong community behind us, and plenty of caring people, this is just what we did. This is how #operationdoris unfolded.
Read MoreCorals found in the lagoons of Norfolk Island
There were three confirmed coral spawning events on Norfolk Island’s coral reef during the 2021–2022 season. The evidence for these has now been published in Galaxea, Journal of Coral Reef Studies. Written by Professor Andrew Baird, chief investigator at the ARC Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies, I am very kindly cited as a co-author because of my observations of these events. Read here to find out more.
Read MoreSurge wrasse – Thalassoma purpureum
Wrasse and parrotfish often get confused, but they each have quite differen roles to play on our reefs. Parrotfish are vital to the health of coral reefs. They clean up the surface algae that live on and compete with the coral. Read more to find out how they differ.
Read MoreSea cucumber, class Holothuroidea
The beautiful sand of Emily Bay, Norfolk Island, didn’t get there by accident. It is the direct result of the hard pooping work of generations of marine animals, including parrotfish and sea cucumbers. This post takes a closer look at sea cucumbers and their role in the coral reef’s ecosystem.
Read MoreEmily Bay: Paragoniastrea australensis, also known as the lesser star coral, is a species of stony corals in the family Merulinidae. It occurs in shallow water in the Indo-Pacific region. (Source Wikipedia)
We have some beauties when it comes to brain corals inside our lagoons. They are quite amazing, and a hugely important part of a healthy reef. Here’s the low down!
Read MoreThe Norfolk chromis, or Chromis norfolkensis
Norfolk Island now has a new species of fish. What was once classified as Chromis fumea has been recognised as a separate species, Chromis norfolkensis.
Read MoreTonna melanostoma
My photos of the Tonna melanostoma, a giant underwater mollusc, are the only ones of the live animal in the public domain. We are so fortunate to have these special and rare creatures living in our coral-reef lagoons; their existence here serves to highlight what a special habitat Norfolk Island’s reef really is. It is an ecosystem that must be preserved at all costs.
Read MoreIsland Sea Star - Astrostole multispina
Marine scientists have been giving these underwater stars an image makeover. The starfish of our childhoods, for those of you who have a few beachside summers under your beach towel, is now more properly known as a sea star. They have seawater for blood, two stomachs, no brain, and tiny ‘eyes’ at the end of each arm!
Read MoreRemnant reef overgrown with algae, 31 January 2022, Emily Bay, Norfolk Island
As Costa Georgiadis says, nature tells the truth, and we must only look at our reef on Norfolk Island to know its truth. We, as custodians, have not been caring enough for it and now that carelessness is coming home to roost.
Read MoreThe mass spawning coral myth, debunked: coral mass spawning has captured the imagination of the public, while some of the coverage in the media has cemented a number of myths surrounding the event. The most pervasive being that mass spawning only occurs on one night each year. Not true! Read more here.
Read MoreOld Gnarly the swal doodle, Emily Bay, Norfolk Island
When I’m out on my swim, one guy I always stop by and say hello to is Old Gnarly, a spotted porcupinefish known here as a swal doodle. He knows when I arrive. The first thing you see are his big luminescent white lips as he floats to the door of his cave. We pause, study each other for a moment, then I give him the thumbs up before continuing my swim. It is a precious moment when you connect with a wild animal like this, and it makes my day.
Read MorePink coral spawn floating on the surface of Emily Bay, Norfolk Island, 28 December 2021
Out on a swim on the morning of 27 December 2021, the mood was palpably different. Call me fanciful, but I immediately noticed a frisson of excitement among the fish. Lots of activity and agitation. And all kinds of slightly unusual observations. The annual coral spawning here on Norfolk Island had begun.
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